Home Chemistry - Crazy Crystals

Aim: To learn about a saturated solution and how to make crystals

Definition of solution:

A liquid mixture, when something is dissolved into a liquid (eg: sugar in water)

Definition of saturated:

Having or holding as much as can be absorbed of something (when no more sugar or borax can be dissolved into the water

Borax Crystals

Materials

1) 3 tablespoons of Borax

2) ½ cup of Warm liquid/ Water

3) Container

4) Spoon

5) Paper

6) 3 x 10 centimeters of pipe cleaners

7) Peg

Process

Step 1: Make a star out of 3 pipe cleaners by crossing them over.

Step 2:Add a peg by clipping it on to the star.

Step 3:Place 3 tablespoons of borax in a container.

Step 4:Add ½ a cup of warm water into the container by pouring it in.

Step 5:Stir the solution with a spoon for 5 minutes.

Step 6:Place the star that you have made previously and make it so the peg is sitting up the top of the cup so the pipe cleaner star is in the solution

Step 7: Write your name of your group and then write on your container what is in the container.  

Sugar Crystals

Materials

1. 6 tablespoon Sugar
2. Spoon
3. Container
4. 7 centimeters of a Pipe Cleaner
5. Peg
6. Hot liquid/ water

Process

Step 1: First get a 7 centimeter long pipe cleaner and attach it to a peg .

Step 2:add 8 tablespoons of sugar to the container.

Step 3:then add ½ a cup of hot liquid to the sugar.

Step 4:stir the solution till the sugar is dissolved.

Step 5:then get the pipe cleaner and the peg and place it at the top of the cup.

Step 6: Place your container on the paper you wrote on before.

Salt Crystals

Materials

1. 3 teaspoons of salt
2. ½ a cup of hot liquid/ water
3. Spoon
4. Container
5. Pipe cleaner
6. Peg

Process

Step 1:place a peg on a 10 centimeter pipe cleaner.

Step 2 Add 3 tablespoons of salt to a container.

Step 3: Then add ½ a cup of hot liquid to the salt.

Step 4: Mix the solution for a few minutes.

Step 5:Then add the peg and pipe cleaner into the container.

Step 6: Place your work on the piece of paper.

Findings

Describe your crystals in the table below.

Crystal Type	Shape (Describe the shape)	Size (of individual crystals)	Hardness (Crumbly to Rock Hard)
Borax	Cube	No size	Hard
Sugar	Didn't work	No size	liquid
Salt	Didn't form	No form	liquid

What crystals worked out best and why?: The borax one did because the others did not work.
we didn't mix or put much of ingredients in to the sugar and salt recipe.
we did saturate the borax one more than we did in the salt and sugar.
 1: Cubic
 2: Orthorhombic.
 3: Monoclinic.
 4: Triclinic.
 5: Trigonal.
 6: Hexagonal.
 7: Tetragonal.

7 different crystal shapes

The 7 types of crystals

Type	Number of sides	2 examples	Image
Triclinic Definition:	12
Monoclinic Definition:	10
Orthombic Definition:	6
Trigonal Definition:	9
Hexagonal Definition:	8
Cubic Definition:	6
Tetragonal Definition:	7

Explain how the following crystals are formed?

Type
Salt
Sugar
Snowflakes

Science experiment chart

Task 2 and Task 3

Compounds	Method	Observation of reaction	Why does it react that way
Baking soda Vinegar	A teaspoon of the baking soda was placed in a cup. 3 teaspoons of vinegar were then placed into the cup.	The mixture bubbled, fizzed and overflowed.	Why does it react like that ? It reacts that way because the acid in the baking soda reacts to one of the chemicals in the vinegar.
bleach Baking soda	1/2 cup of baking soda is added to a typical laundry load with bleach	It fizzes a little but it also becomes a better cleaning product.	It has that kind of reaction because the baking soda has a sort of acid in it that reacts to a chemical in the bleach.
Lemon juice Baking soda	3 tbsp of lemon juice and 2 tsp of baking soda in a glass and watch the reaction.	The reaction was that it bubbled/fizzed up but it is good for sores .	In lemon juice there's a percentage of citric acid and the acid in the baking soda clashed with the acid in the lemon juice.
Dish soap Vinegar	Place a 1\4 of vinegar and dish washing liquid in a spray bottle put the lid on and shake.	It just ended up bubbling and is good for cleaning products.	It didn’t fizz this time itn only bubbled because in the dish soap there isn’t any baking soda or citric acid
Lemon juice Sugar	Put 2 tsp of lemon juice in 3 tbsp of sugar in a cup.	There was only a little bit of fizz this time but it made a good ointment.	It  didn’t react like the rest because the sugar isn’t the same as the baking soda because it has no acid in it .

10 ingredients

Task 1  

Name	Chemical	Image	Solid\Liquid
Dish washing liquid	Chlorine		Liquid
Lemon	Citric		Liquid
Salt	Sodium chloride		Solid
Vinegar	Acetic acid		Liquid
Sugar	Saccharose		Solid
Air Freshener	volatile organic		Liquid
Onion	Quercetin		Solid
Lemonade	acidic		liquid
Bleach	Chlorine		liquid
Baking Soda	carbon dioxide		Solid

Scone

By Talia,Shontae,Makaea.

Aim: To look at different kitchen ingredients in scones and their effects.

In groups of 4 you will:

• Make 4 types of scone.
• Normal plus 3 others

1. No butter,
2. No Baking Powder
3. No milk
4. With Lemonade
5. With Baking Soda

• Draw up a chart to record your findings
• Make 4 recipes using the following quantities

Recipe:

• 1/2 cup Edmonds standard flour
• 1 tsp Edmonds baking powder  or 1 tsp baking soda                                            
• 2 tsp butter
• 1/4 cup milk, approximately or 1/4 cup lemonade

Lemonade scone Recipe:

• 1/2 cup Edmonds standard flour
• 1 tsp baking powder                                                
• 2 tsp butter
• 1/4 cup lemonade

No butter Recipe:

• 1/2 cup Edmonds standard flour
• 1 tsp Edmonds baking powder  or 1 tsp baking soda                                            
• 1/4 cup milk

Baking soda Recipe:

• 1/2 cup Edmonds standard flour
• 1 tsp baking soda                                                     
• 2 tsp butter
• 1/4 cup milk,

Materials:

1. Plate

2. Spoon

3. Measuring cup

4. Milk

5. Butter

6. Flour

Process

Step 1: Get your ingredients

Step 2: Measure ¼ cup of flour and place in your bowl.

Step 3: Get two tsp of butter and put it in your bowl.

Step 4: Then pour ¼ of a cup of milk in to your bowl.

Step 5:  With your final ingredient get 1 tsp of baking powder and place it in your bow.

Step 6: Then mix it all together until it looks and feels like dough.

Step 7: Then make it into twos and place it on the tray.Then put it into the oven.

Findings:

TRIAL NUMBER:	COLOUR	TASTE	HEIGHT (CM)
1. NORMAL	golden	dry	47 mm
2. WITH BAKING SODA	Dark brown	Very bitter	34 mm
3. NO BUTTER	white	dry	48 mm
4. WITH LEMONADE	brown	bitter	33 mm

Conclusion:

Materials

1. Lemonade
2. Baking soda
3. Flour
4. Bowl
5. Spoon
6. Butter

1. All of the scones were baked at 200 Celsius.
2. The scones were all bake for 10 minutes.But they do not come out all the same.