Science - Water cycle

AIM: TO LOOK AT THE WATER CYCLE AND HOW CLIMATE CHANGE IS AFFECTING IT.

Definition:

The water cycle describes how water evaporates from the surface of the earth, rises 

into the atmosphere, cools and condenses into rain or snow in clouds, and falls again 

to the surface as precipitation. The rain that falls on the ground or land collects in rivers and lakes and soil and most of I goes back in the oceans, where it will once more evaporated. The cycling of water in and out of the atmosphere is a significant aspect of the weather patterns on Earth.

Scientific words:

Evaporation. When water is heated by radiant energy it turns into water vapor.

Transpiration. Evaporation from plants.

Condensation. When water vapor cools, molecules join together and form clouds.

Precipitation. When clouds get heavy the water falls as rain, sleet, hail, or snow.

Acidification: the action or process of making or becoming acidic.

We will be conducting an experiment that looks at the different ways that climate change is affecting the water cycle.

An illustration of the water cycle showing how water travels from rivers and streams to clouds to snow and back again

THE WATER CYCLE EXPERIMENT
Bag 1: Normal Water cycle
Bag 2: Water cycle with CO2 added: like Oceans in climate change
Bag 3: Water cycle with ice added: like Antarctica in land

 Material:

1 Plastic bag 

2 vivid marker 

3 One cup of water 

4 2 drops of food colouring 

Steps:

1. Get in a group of three and then get a vivid marker and ziplock plastic bag.
2. Then you draw clouds, the sea, sun, rain and trees.
3. After that you then pour your one cup of water into the ziplock bag.
4. When the water is poured in then you add two drops of food colouring in the water.
5. Then finally you put them in a sunny place for a few days.
   Here is Two Images of what we drew.

Here is the materials and steps to bag 2 -

 Material:

1 Plastic bag 

2 Vivid marker 

3 One cup of soda water 

4 2 drops of food coloring 

 Steps:

1. Get in a group of three and then get a vivid marker and zip lock plastic bag.
2. Then you draw clouds, the sea, sun, rain and trees.
3. After that you then pour your one cup of soda water into the zip lock bag.

4. When the water is poured in then you add two drops of food coloring in the water.
5. Then finally you put them in a sunny place for a few days and watch what happens. 

We used soda water because it has carbon dioxide in it and we wanted to know what would happen if there was any difference in it or too it.

Sherbet

Making sherbet

Recipe:

1tsp of powdered drink crystals (eg refresh)

1/4 tsp citric acid

1/4 tsp tartaric acid

1/4 tsp -baking soda.

Put all ingredients into a zip lock bag, stir, and enjoy.

Materials:

1.  Zip lock bag

2.  Spoon

3.  Baking soda

4.  Raro

5.  Tartic

6. Citric acid

Findings:

Sherbet
Taste	Sour but also sweet
Colour	Pink to purple

White powder

Aim: To learn about the makeup of different white powders.

There are  a number of different white powders in our everyday life. Some of these are harmful and others are not. Test the four white powders listed to see which one has been found at the airport.

Here are some examples of everyday kitchen white powders.

Flour

Cornflour

Sugar

Salt

Baking Soda

Baking Powder

Icing Sugar

Tartaric Acid

Citric Acid

Gluten Free flour

Materials

1. Paper

2.  Baking soda

3.  Iodine

4.  Vinegar

5.  Salt

6. Sugar   

7. Corn flour

8. Water

9. Magnifying glass

10. Pipette

Upload a photo of each powder.

1.  Cornflour

  2. Baking Soda

3.  Salt

4. Sugar

Findings:

	Sugar	Salt	Baking Soda	Cornflour
Appearance	White powder	White powder	White powder	White powder
Texture	Course	Course	Medium	Fine
Smell	Nothing	Bad	Gas	Nothing
Iodine	It turned brown but stay the same	The salt turned brown but looks more crystally.	It fizzed and turned orange with dark around the orange.	I didn't actually do anything it just sits in it watery.
Water	Went runny and kinda coursey.	No reaction.	Went hard and clumpy.	Went hard and like oobleck.
Vinegar	It didn't really do anything apart from make it more clear.But also made it more course.	No reaction.	It went clumpy and fizzed	It went clumpy and kind of into oobleck.

Write a paragraph about your findings.

The sugar at first was not as Crystal like as it was when we put the vinegar in it. But when we put water in the sugar it went runny. With the iodine in it it went runny and the crystals got bigger but also colored brown.The salt didn't really have reaction to the vinegar and water but it did with the iodine some of it went black and the rest turned yellow. The corn flour with water and vinegar went like oobleck and hard.But with iodine it went runny and didn't really dissolve. With the baking powder it just fizzed with all of them.

10 ingredients

Task 1  

Name	Chemical	Image	Solid\Liquid
Dish washing liquid	Chlorine		Liquid
Lemon	Citric		Liquid
Salt	Sodium chloride		Solid
Vinegar	Acetic acid		Liquid
Sugar	Saccharose		Solid
Air Freshener	volatile organic		Liquid
Onion	Quercetin		Solid
Lemonade	acidic		liquid
Bleach	Chlorine		liquid
Baking Soda	carbon dioxide		Solid

Dirty water experiment

Aim: To make a filtration plant using household materials.

What is filtration?

Filtration is separating solids from liquids by adding a medium through which only the liquid can pass. 

Examples are:

1.  kidney                                   
2.  Jug 
3. Tea bag 
4. Swimming pool

Materials

1. Stones/Pebbles 

2. Container 

3. Sand

4. Dirty water

5. Funnel

6. Scissors

7. Filter paper

8. Cup 

Steps 

Step 1

Cut a bottle in half if you do not have a funnel.

Step 2

Put the top half of the bottle upside down on the top of the other half of the bottle.If you have a funnel you could place it on something like a beaker or a shape that´s like a cylinder.

STEP 3

Make a cone with some filter paper by folding it.Place it on the funnel.Add half a cup of sand first and pack it in.Then add half of cup of pebbles on top of the sand.

STEP 4

Get 1 cup of dirty water and pour it into your funnel and watch the reaction.

Reaction 

Its starting to drip but the water got more clear when it came out the funnel.Because it got filtered by all the stuff in it.We didn't get any clumps.